“Crazy Dice” Help Scientists Prove Only One 150-Year-Old Theory About Randomness Works

A new mathematical investigation challenges long-held assumptions about how to model randomness. At any given moment, countless molecules are moving unpredictably through the air around you. Physicists rely on a principle called the Boltzmann distribution to make sense of this apparent randomness. Instead of tracking the exact position of each particle, this law describes the [...]